Tadiwennit d Ǧamel BENƐUF
D tiririt i isteqsiyen n Muḥend*
– Deg tazwara, anwa-t Ǧamel BENƐUF ?
– Isem n twacult-inu : Benεuf (Benaouf). Azarisem-inu : Ğamal. Luleγ ass n sa (7) may yu 1960 deg Yiγil-Ali, aẓi n At Σebbas (Bgayet); maca, nekk n yiwet taddart tameẓyant isem-is “Tiniri “. Ttidireɣ deg Wehran si temẓi-w. D ababat n twacult n semmus (5) igerdan. Lliɣ u mazal-iyi ar tura, ar azekka, d ameɣnas n tmaziɣt…
– Amek i d-tlul tayri-k d tira s tmaziɣt ?
– Temgerrad tayri n tira ger yemdanen, acku ma tefkiḍ asteqsi-yagi i wayeḍ ur nelli d ameɣnas, tiririt-ines ad tili temgerrad ɣef tin umeɣnas. Nekk d tayri n tmeslayt-inu, tin imawlan-iw d imarawen-inu (i ssarameɣ daɣen ad tili d tin n warraw-iw!), i d-yurwen deg-i tayri n tira. Cfiɣ-d i tegnatin n ẓẓmek d lḥerṣ, tignatini ideg tella tmeslayt-nneɣ. Tameslayt-nneɣ yegguni nnger!.. Ihi, nekk ur zmireɣ ad mgerradeɣ d yiman-iw. Ma qqareɣ-d “Tameslayt-nneɣ yessefk ad tili”, yessefk d nekk ara yezwiren, ur zmireɣ ad rekḍeɣ imenzayen swayes ttamneɣ. Niɣ (yak) qqaren “Win yebɣan Ɛli yarew-it-id”. S umata, tira ɣer ɣur-i d alkam ( akemmel) n tigawin-nniḍen i giɣ neɣ i tgeɣ: Asnulfu d uttekki deg tiddukliwin, ilmend n weḥraz d wesnefli d usefrek n yedles d tutlayt-nneɣ. Attekki-inu deg ikabaren ( zik di tuffra, ssyen ɛinani…) ilmend umennuɣ aserti ɣef izerfan-nneɣ…Tegra-d deg wayen ttaruɣ: Isental, talɣiwin, tikta… s umata, nekk ur lliɣ d ameddaḥ udabu, ur lliɣ d amedyaz n wedrum; ur lliɣ d izimer aksas, ur lliɣ d iferr uyaẓiḍ ansa ara d-yekk waḍu yekk… Ɣur-i imenzayen, ɣur-i asekkud (tamuɣli)… zgiɣ d amḥaddi ɣef tikta swayes ttamneɣ, ɣas ma ayagi yettawi-yi-d aṭas n wuguren. S tewzel kan: Ferneɣ “asenfar n tmetti” i ssarameɣ neɣ i ttarguɣ ad yili.
– Acuɣer amezgun ?
– I ma nniɣ-ak-n “D acu i wwin Kateb Yasin, dda Lmulud, Ɛmer Mezdad, Ssaɛid Seɛdi, Racid Ɛellic, Muḥya… akken ad arun neɣ ad ttekkin deg umezgun, d acu ara tiniḍ?! Ɣas ma ḥemmleɣ amezgun akken ḥemmleɣ kra yellan d taẓuri, maca, mačči d leḥmala-yagi i yi-yeǧǧan ad aruɣ amezgun; daɣen mačči d astufu i stufaɣ imi d-zgiɣ akka i lmendad n terbaɛt-agi-nneɣ umezgun. Amezgun d yiwen wallal neɣ d ttawil umennuɣ, ladɣa di tmetti m yedles imawi yecban tagi ideg nettidir. Amezgun yezmer ad yili d amḥaddi ɣef yedles-nneɣ, ma nesseqdec-it akken iwulem…
– Acu n umgired yellan gar tira n ungal d tin n umezgun?
– Wissen ma teɣriḍ tiririt n dda Lmulud asmi s-fkan asteqsi yecban wa? Yal tawsit (ṣṣenf) n tira ɣur-s udem i t-yessemgarraden ɣef wayeḍ. Ungal yemmug i tɣuri, amezgun yemmug i wurar. Amezgun ur yeḥwaǧ ara aglam (description) d wayen icuban aya… acku yella wayen ara t-ireglen “tiririt s asayes”: tadlegt, asensayes… Tira umezgun d idiwenna i d-tessutur ugar n wayen nniḍen. Acku amezgun yedder, yezmer a d-yemmeslay ɣef yiman-is…
– Ayɣer tamurt n uɛekki ?
– Neqqar dɣa s teqbaylit “dderya n teḍsa”. Ayɣer ihi mačči d “tamurt uɛekki”?! Maca, azwel n tmezgunt d wa “Di tmurt uɛekki”, ur yessefk ara a s-nekkes tanzeɣt-nni “di”! Tamurt ideg yella yal d abaɣur, tamurt yellan d tamerkantit di kra yellan, teqqel d “taddart yexla uziḍuḍ”, amek ur tettili ara d tamurt uɛekki?! Tamurt yellan d tasraft neɣ d akufi ideg tettent acḥal d timura, tuɣal tettawi-d yal d asafar n wučči si yal tamurt! At tmurt yebnan tiɣermiwin timeqqranin n ddunit yecban: Talatint, tagrigt, tineslemt… teqqel d nnger ula i wayla-s! Tamurt m tmetti yellan d amedya deg usefrek d uselḥu n tmetti yebnan ɣef talakt, tugdut, tilelli, tiwizi… ur nxuṣṣ ara deg imedyaten: Timetti Imuhaɣ (Itergiyen) yebnan ɣef tmeṭṭut i yesɛan azal meqqren. Tajmeɛt ɣur Leqbayel yellan d tizzya ( nned) i “Ssina “ (sénat) n Rum d “Agura” (Agora) n Yegrigen. Igrawen “Ɛemmi Ssaɛid” d “Iɛezzaben” ɣur At Mẓab… Taggara n tneggura teqqel d abruɛ neɣ d ajlal n wid i ɣ-d-yewwin tasnekta (tidyulujit) sɣur at Menwala “Afɣanistan”… Amek ur tettuklal ara isem n “Tamurt uɛekki”?!
Ɣas ma ssaɣezfeɣ awal, yelha ma ssegraɣ-t s tefyirin-a n Si Muḥ:
Ma ǧǧiɣ ul-iw ad yehder
Uh, acḥal yuɛer
Kemmel-as di zzman am wagi!
– Deg tmurt n uɛekki, tutlayt i tesxedmeḍ d axaluḍ gar tutlayin, ayɣer ?
– Ur mwataɣ ara yid-k ay ameddakel, di temsalt-agi “axaluḍ ger tutlayin”! Mačči d sin wawalen n taɛrabt neɣ n tefransist, neɣ yiwen wawal s teṣbenyulit neɣ n teglizit ara tt-yerren d axaluḍ ger tutlayin! Wali yakk timezgunin i ttarun wiyaḍ, ladɣa tawsit (ṣṣenf)-agi umezgun aserti ad tafeḍ tameslayt swayes yettwaru mačči kan d axaluḍ, d nnger! Nekk s yiman-iw aṭas i yi-d-itezzmen ɣef tutlayt i sseqdaceɣ, qqaren-d “d tutlayt n tsekla i tesseqdaceḍ, tuɛer i wegzay ( i wefham), mačči menwala kan a tt-yefhem”. Tutlayt umezgun yessefk ad tili d tin i yettmeslay wegdud acku amezgun yemmug i wegdud. Wid ara d-yasen ad walin amezgun d imdanen yettidiren di tmetti, yal wa d aswir iɣer yessaweḍ. Ur yessulef ara i yal amdan ara d-yasen ad iwali amezgun a d-yeglu yid-s s umawal! Kateb Yasin yella yettaru s tefransist, asmi yebda amezgun yuɣal yettaru s taɛrabt n webrid, tin i yettulay wegdud. Ihi, d tagi i d tutlayt n tmurt uɛekki!
– Amek i d-yella ufran i yiwadamen i wurar n tmezgunt « Tamurt n uɛekki) ?
– Dagi, ur gziɣ ara akken yessefk asteqsi-inek, wissen ma tettmeslayeḍ ɣef iwadamen di tmezgunt neɣ ɣef imariren (wid ara d-yuraren iwadamen-a)? Afran imariren ara d-yuraren iwadamen, mačči d ayen fessusen, d tamsalt ẓẓayen aṭas; d tin ikersen nezzeh nezzeh! D ayen yellan d ugur meqqren, ladɣa deg umezgun amaswaḍ (amateur), rnu ɣur-s ma s teqbaylit. S tidet kan, werǧin yezmir yiwen a d-yefren amarir iwulmen i yal awadem i ira; la di lqedd, la di ṣṣifa, la di tɣariwin yakk nniḍen… acku ur ṭṭuqten ara yemdanen akken ad tferneḍ gar-asen.
– Deg tmurt n uɛekki, amek armi tamurt n 52% d tilawin, ala yiwet i i wumi yettunefk uzref ad d-temmesli ?
– Di tmezgunt “Di tmurt uɛekki” mačči anagar kan yiwet i yellan, deg yal tafelwit llant deg-s tlawin: Tuɣalin n “Bu ccfaya” tella deg-s “tis-5”; di tfelwit “Tameɣra” tella deg-s “Tilelli n wawal”. Maca, ḥṣiɣ awellih-inek yerra ɣer tfelwit “Turart n 7 twaculin”. Tinna, ɛad lemmer mačči d “Nna Cabḥa-nsen” yili ahat ur tettili ara maḍi! Tafelwit-a “Turart n 7 twaculin” asmi tt-id-turar terbaɛt “Ixulaf” n tiddukla Asirem n Yiɣil-Tala (Aqbu) ula d yiwet-nni ulac-itt, d argaz i d-yuraren d “Nna Cabḥa-nsen”! Nekk, d aqbayli, d mmi-s n teqbaylit, ay ameddakel. Ssneɣ akken yessulef timetti-nneɣ acku mačči seg igenni i d-ɣliɣ! Gar-aneɣ kan, s wigi i tt-yetturaren d imagdayen, ssnen tagada (amsawi) ger wergaz d tmeṭṭuṭ, ssnen imenzayen izerfan n wales… drus-iten wid i izemren a d-fken yessi-tsen, weltma-tsen, tulawin-nsen ad urarent amezgun… Asmi llan 60 ikabaren di Dzayer, acḥal n tlawin i yellan d timnukal ( d iqerra) ɣef ikabaren-a? –Llant kan snat: Lwiza Ḥennun” d “Meḥǧuba Calabiya”! Yiwet tmacahut kan: Deg waggur n Meɣres 2001, deg wexxam n yedles “Lmulud At Mɛemmer” (Tizi-Wezzu), akken i kfiɣ s tɣuri yiwen usefru, kkren-d ɣur-i sin yemdanen: yiwen d amedyaz, d aqbayli imal nezzeh ɣer tineslemt, yenna-d s wurfan: Andi tessneḍ kečč “Galili” akken a d-temmeslayeḍ fell-as? Tayeḍ d tameṭṭut, tezmeḍ-d taserwalt-is, (tenwa d timelsa n tserwalt akk d cwiṭ n lḥerqus ara s-d-yawin izerfan i tmeṭṭut) tenna-yi-d s tefransist (mačči s teqbaylit!!): Kečč mgal tameṭṭut! Riɣ a d-iniɣ d akken: tikkwal imdanen ur fehhmen ara s talqayt inumak, d tinna n sufella kan, d tuṭṭfa si tseṭṭa tjebdeḍ!.. Nekk, seg wid yettqadaren tameṭṭut, seg wid i s-yettaken azal i tatrara n tsekla… Amedya: D azarisem n yiwen seg iwadamen n wungal-inu “Timlilit n tɣermiwin” i f-kiɣ i yelli. Ayagi seg wakken i ttakeɣ azal d leqder i iwadamen-inu i ferneɣ azarisem “Tudert” i yelli (tura temmut). Ihi, “Nna Cabḥa-nsen”, mačči d nekk i s-yefkan azref akken a d-temmeslay, d taɣect-ines, d ccbaḥa-ines, d aleɣwi n tfekka-s, d asqizzeb-ines… Tessuter-d deg-s tmetti akken ad tili, tella. Win iran (yebɣan) ad yefhem yefhem, “Nna Cabḥa-nsen”, mačči d “Layla Ẓana” (Takerdit), mačči d “Cirin Abadi” (Tafersit), mačči d “Siham Bensedrin” (Tatunsit)…
– Ma zemren yimahanen (spectateurs) ad beddlen aḍris u tmezgunt ?
– Yella wanda zemren ad beddlen kra kan seg weḍris. Azayez n tesdawit mačči am win n taddart. Azayez n taddart mačči am win n temdint. Yella wanda teḥṣiḍ d akken azayez-nni yemwata d wayen d-teqqareḍ, yezmer lḥal ad asen-tedduḍ di lebɣi… yella wanda ara tekkseḍ kra n wawalen ideg yella ukukru…
– Acu n umgired yellan gar amezgun s tmaziɣt deg tmurt n Leqbayel d temnaḍin nniḍen n tmurt n uɛekki ?
– Ulac amezgun yessawalen s tmaziɣt berra i tmurt n Lebayel akken ad yili wemgirred! Kra n tmezgunin i ssulin berra i tmurt n Leqbayel ttawin-tent-id si tmurt n Lebayel mi ara tent-ḥwaǧen i tfaskiwen kan, kra imedyaten kan: Wehran wwin-d tarbaɛt si Bgayet akken a ɣ-rren nekkni deg yidis. Tlemsan, wwin-d tarbaɛt n Aɣbalu (Tizi-Wezzu) akken ad tgenses Tlemsan… Di Tɣerdayt mačči d amezgun n tidet, d atewwel kan.. Di Tmenɣast, imi ten-ḥwaǧen di 2009 sI “TNA” i sen-uznen tarbaɛt ara ten-yallen (ɛiwnen). Ma deg Wawaras, bdan deg umezgun n ddula ssalayen kra n tmezgunin, ladɣa seg 2009, segmi tebda tfaska umezgun amaziɣ.
– Acu tettuḍ deg tmurt n uɛekki ?
– Mačči d tatut i ttuɣ, maca, kkseɣ yiwet tfelwit “Targit n Ssi Ɛebddayem“. Tafelwit-a tettawi-d ɣef temsalt n tamust („tamagit“ neɣ tanettit): Ssi Ɛebddayem-agi d yiwen unekkay (iḥemmel iman-is), aḍu ara d-isuḍen yedda yid-s. Netta d Aqbayli, yella ger wid yesɛurrben tamurt. Netta d imfernes – yeɣra tafransist- yella d anemhal deg yiwen uɣerbaz, si tegnit n Fransa, ssyen yeqqim d anemhal ula di tallit n tiɛurrebt. Yiwwas yeṭṭes di lbiru-ines, dɣa yurga tella tmaziɣt; akken i d-yuki, yuzzel ɣer wesmil (classe) anda sselmaden, yebda icennu „Nekk d mmi-s umaɛiz, tajerniṭ-iw tuli, ad ččareɣ abaliz…
– Acu twalaḍ ur ilaqen ara ad yili deg uḍris n tmurt n uɛekki ?
– Qqaren „ Lemmer i tent-iḥessb ufellaḥ, yili ur tent-ikerrez“! Di tegnatin-nni (taggara n 2002, tazwara n 2003) mačči am tegnit n wass-a. Imiren nella di tefsut taberkant, yessefk ad neg kra, skud reglen-aɣ akk iberdan, nufa-d ttawil-agi umezgun. Deg yiḍ lliɣ ttaruɣ, deg wass nteg allusen (répétitions).
– Acu n wuguren i d-tettmlaleḍ deg tira n yiḍrisen ?
– Ugur amenzu d win n wakud (lweqt) i yi-iḥerṣen nezzeh! Deg wass d axeddam, deg yiḍ mi ara kecmeɣ s axxam ttawḍeɣ d aceṭṭiḍ, rnu-yas tilufa-nniḍen i yi-yeggunin: Wa a s-sseɣtiɣ adlis-ines, wa a s-d-nadiɣ adlis neɣ kra n wawal i yeḥwaǧ; wayeḍ a s-ɣreɣ kra n weḍris i yura… Ma d ass n wesgunfu ( n westeɛfu) akka am lǧemɛa, si 9 n tnezzakt ( ṣṣbeḥ) alamma d 19 n tmeddit d nekk deg usideg n tiddukla Numidya. Allusen umezgun, aselmed n Teqbaylit… Qqaren „ nekkni meẓẓiyit, lecɣal n taddart meqqrit“!
– Acu n uguren n umezgun amaziɣ ?
– Ugar ɣef wuguren i d-yettmagar umezgun s umata, ugur amenzu i d-yettmagar umezgun yessawalen s tmaziɣt, d ulac n wallalen d ttawilat yecban: Ulac n tzeqqiwin iwulmen i wallusen n trebbuyaɛ, ikataren ara iwellhen, ulac usebɣes … ladɣa asileɣ (formation), ugar ɣef yir tamuɣli swayes ttwalin iduba kra yellan d taẓuri tilellit.
– Mmesli-d ɣef yisenfaren i ak-yellan deg lbal (imal) ?
– Isenfaren mačči d yiwen, ṭṭuqten! Maca, yekkes-iyi-tt wakud, ur stufaɣ ara i tira acku maččid yiwet tɛekkemt i bubbeɣ! Ma nedder, ahat yiwwas ad ssiwḍeɣ a d-rreɣ « Qqari’atu lfinǧan » n Niẓar Qebbani ɣer tagi-nneɣ s yezwel « Tagezzant n Tamzuɣa »…
Afud anezmar i kečč.
Tanemmirt.
Wehran, ass n 13 mayyu 2011.
Ǧamal Benɛuf
– Tanemmirt a gma, ssarameɣ ur ak-lliɣ ara d taẓẓayt neɣ d taɛkemt, err-iyi-d deg wassan-a !
Mohand
- Tadiwennit-a tella-d i ubaɣur unelmad Muḥend (Aksil Amazigh) ilmend n wahil–ines ideg yefren tamezgunt « Di tmurt uɛekki » akken ad tili d asentel i turagt n majistar, deg tesdawit Muḥend u Lḥaǧ – Tubiret.
